principal plane การใช้

• For a thin lens in air, the principal planes both lie at the location of the lens.
• The GAIA plane is the principal plane obtained by applying a principal components analysis to the set of actions in this space.
• For example, because it is not practical to locate the principal planes of such small lenses, measurements are often made with respect to the lens or substrate surface.
• Note, however, that for a real lens the principal planes do not necessarily pass through the centre of the lens, and in general may not lie inside the lens at all.
• If the aperture is right next to the lens, ( technically, at one of its principal planes ), then the area of the image is not affected by the area of the aperture.
• This equation can be derived directly from the geometry of the circle, or by making the parametric equation of the circle for \ tau _ \ mathrm n equal to zero ( the shear stress in the principal planes is always zero ).
• If the medium surrounding the optical system has a refractive index of 1 ( e . g ., air or vacuum ), then the distance from the principal planes to their corresponding focal points is just the focal length of the system.
• As Rudolf Kingslake explains, " It is a common error to suppose that the ratio [ } } ] is actually equal to, and not . . . The tangent would, of course, be correct if the principal planes were really plane.
• However, the complete theory of the Abbe sine condition shows that if a lens is corrected for coma and spherical aberration, as all good photographic objectives must be, the second principal plane becomes a portion of a sphere of radius centered about the focal point ".
• :: Yes, my mistake, the ideal position for the aperture is the plane through the nodal point, not the principal plane, although in many lens systems there's not much difference .-- Prophys 10 : 00, 13 June 2007 ( UTC)
• When the thickness of the lens is not much smaller than " S " 1 and " S " 2 or there are multiple lens elements ( a compound lens ), one must instead measure from the object and image to the principal planes of the lens.
• This formula is exact for the second definition, if H is measured from a thin lens, or from the front principal plane of a complex lens; it is also exact for the first definition if H is measured from a point that is one focal length in front of the front principal plane.
• This formula is exact for the second definition, if H is measured from a thin lens, or from the front principal plane of a complex lens; it is also exact for the first definition if H is measured from a point that is one focal length in front of the front principal plane.
• The dataset is curved and can not be mapped adequately on a 2D principal plane; b ) The distribution in the internal 2D non-linear principal surface coordinates ( ELMap2D ) together with an estimation of the density of points; c ) The same as b ), but for the linear 2D PCA manifold ( PCA2D ).
• "' Air barrier materials "' Building materials that are designed and constructed to provide the principal plane of airtightness through an environmental separator, which has an air permeance rate no greater than 0.02 L / ( s " m?) at a pressure difference of 75 Pa when tested in accordance with ASTM E 2178.
• The abscissas of both points E and C ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 ) intersecting the \ sigma _ \ mathrm { n }-axis are the magnitudes of the minimum and maximum normal stresses, respectively; the ordinates of both points E and C are the magnitudes of the shear stresses acting on both the minor and major principal planes, respectively, which is zero for principal planes.
• The abscissas of both points E and C ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 ) intersecting the \ sigma _ \ mathrm { n }-axis are the magnitudes of the minimum and maximum normal stresses, respectively; the ordinates of both points E and C are the magnitudes of the shear stresses acting on both the minor and major principal planes, respectively, which is zero for principal planes.